Mnemonics

New words from reading Tuesday 23rd July 2019 Big idea: within each kingdom there are more different groups that classify animals. Prokaryotes - a name of a kingdom Etc means etcetera Interbreed - when two different animals have babies together Mnemonics help us remember hard things, for example NEVER EAT SOGGY WEETBIX helps us remember North East South West. This is the mnemonic i learnt to help me remember the order: Keep ponds clean or fish get sick. Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Animal Kingdom

New words from animal kingdom reading Monday’s reading Organism - a living thing Vertebrate - has a spine Invertebrate - has no spine Taxonomy - a way to group things Diverse - a big range Amphibians - Heterotrophic - means they must find and eat food Primates (apes, monkeys) Rodents (rats, squirrels) Cetaceans (dolphins, whales) Marsupials (kangaroos, koalas) Monotremes (egg laying mammals like the platypus) Autotrophic - make their own food by photosynthesis Photosynthesis - how plants make their own food Vascular - uses roots to absorb water Nonvascular - uses the whole plant to absorb water Decompose, decomposition - to break down Non-flowering - no flowers Thermophiles - (root word is thermo which is about temperature) Big ideas from the reading All living things are called organisms. They are organised into 6 groups called kingdoms. Each group has certain characteristics that each organism must have. Animals Can move on their own Are heterotrophic (can’t make their own food) Must eat to survive Vertebrates and invertebrates Plants They are Autotrophic (they make their own food) Some are vascular and nonvascular. If a plant has seeds or fruit, it is a flowering plant. Eubacteria Are made up of just one cell. They are everywhere. Some bacteria are good and some are bad. Bacteria called decomposers break down dead plants and anacteria. Archaebacteria Can survive where no other organism can live. Thermophiles, methanogens and halophiles Fungi Say it fun guy Mushrooms are a fungi They are heterotrophic (can’a make their own food) Use enzymes to break down food Protista Are related to either plants, animals or fungi (one of them, not related to all of them at the same time)

Joan Wiffen

Joan Wiffen is a famous fossil Hunter. From NZ. Joan wiffen was born in 4 of February 1922. She lived in NZ and had married Pont Wiffen and had 2 kids. her job a palaeontologist. In 1975. Joan Wiffen found the first ever fossil in NZ. At Hawkes Bay at the Maunga Hounga stream and found 6 types of species. She found a tailbone from a theropod. Because her family and friends were helping her find lots of fossils. They probably knew that they were fossils in rocks so they got tools to split the rocks up and find some cool interesting fossils. When they found a fossil they put in there backpack and carried it to there car. An Australian Palaeontologist Dr Ralph Molnar confirmed it was a dinosaur bone in 1980. At Maunga Hounga stream, inland Hawke’s bay Joan Wiffen and her family and friends found at least six different kinds of dinosaur bones and was 70 - 80 million yrs old. At south of port waikato )kin cliffs along the coast) found a very small finger bone of a theropod dinosaur found by brendan hayes and was about 150 million yrs old. In northwest nelson dr greg browne found dinosaur footprints about 70 million yrs old. In tioriori, chatham islands Dr jeffery stilwell found several dinosaur bones (theropod and sauropod) and was about 66-145 million yrs old. When Joan wiffen gave a fossil to the University of Auckland. They gave her a degree because she just knew lots about fossils. Sadly Joan wiffen died on the 30 of june 2009. She knows that she remembers that the fossils she found is now safe at safe places she knows and knows some is at the University Of Auckland. Also her collection of is also with another that is the paleontological collections at GNS science in lower hutt. The first one she found is on the display of Te Papa. We will remember Joan Wiffen because of her marvelous actions she’s done.

What we learnt

Room 7

Dinosaur knowledge

Prior Knowledge	In 2 weeks, we learnt that...
Animal Predator Dino is the root word ‘Saurs’ means something Species  Extinct  Huge Large bones Long necks Eggs  Sharp teeth Long tails Eat people Different kinds Spikes Horns Mammals 4 legs	Bipedal means 2 feet and quadruped means 4 feet. Some dinosaurs are bipedal and some are quadrupeds. Some can change between the two stances. They are sturdy. Theropod is a 3 clawed dinosaurs Dinosaurs are warm-blooded, which means their blood temperature is always the same Carnivore means a meat eater Herbivore means a plant eater Omnivore means it can eat plants and meat Some dinosaurs are huge and some are small. Typically, huge dinosaurs were sluggish (slow).  Dinosaurs died out 66 million years ago. They started existed 230 million years.  They died because of an extinction event, most people think this was because a meteor hit the Earth.  Dinosaurs legs go out the bottom of their hip bones, whereas reptiles bones go to the side of their hips. Reptiles do not have an extra hole in their skull, but dinosaurs do.  Mary Anning found lots of fossils on a cliffside in England in the 19th century. She was born in 1799 and died in 1847. She survived a lightning strike as a baby. In 1824 she found the first fossil.	Non-avian dinosaurs are dinosaurs that are not birds. Avian means birds. Metabolism means how fast or slow your body converts food into energy Diverse means a big range Modifications means changes. Dinosaurs have modifications such as spikes, armour, horns or crests.  Clade means family. Lineage means ancestors/descendants  Paleontologists are scientists that study ancient things including dinosaurs There are 4 main groups of dinosaurs; theropods, sauropods, ankylosaurus and pterosaurs. Titanoboa was top of the food chain after the dinosaurs died. It killed people by constricting people. It spent most of its time in the water because it was super heavy. It was 13m long, as big as a bus.  Hominins existed when 7-6 million years ago, the first humans to walk on 2 feet.  People did not exist when dinosaurs existed.	Adaptation is something that changes over time.  Ecology - how animals relate to each other Fossils are made when dinosaurs die and their bones get trapped in rock or mud. The bones break down over time but leave a mould, which is filled with rock. This becomes the fossil.  Dinosaurs sometimes eat each other.  There were 3 periods of time that have dinosaurs. This is called the ‘age of dinosaurs’ also known as the ‘Mesozoic Era’; Triassic period, Jurassic period, and Cretasous period.  Then there were 3 more periods in time, “Age of mammals”, also known as ‘Cenozoic Era’; Paleogene Period, Neogene period and  Quaternary period. Dinosaur fossils have been found on every continent, including Antarctica. Joan Wiffen found the first dinosaur fossil (a theropods tailbone) in NZ in 1975, in Hawkes Bay. She died in 2009.  Dinosaurs laid eggs and they lived in family groups.